What to know about weatherproofing your electric vehicle (EV)

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional gas-powered cars. Some buyers, however, as unaware that, because of their design and reliance on battery power, electric vehicles face unique challenges, especially when exposed to harsh weather conditions common in Canada.  

This article will explore important considerations EV buyers need to keep in mind about weatherproofing their car, as well as include tips on how to keep them performing well for many years to come. 

What does extreme weather do to your car?  

Before we look at special weather-related concerns with EV vehicles, it helps to understand the common weather risks that can affect both electric and gas-powered vehicles.  

Elaina Farnsworth, CEO of Skillfusion, underscores that both types of vehicles are affected by extreme heat, cold weather and flooding, albeit in different ways.  

“While we often emphasize the challenges electric vehicles face, it's important to recognize that both EVs and ICE (internal combustion engine) vehicles are affected by extreme weather conditions. Understanding these impacts can help drivers better prepare for various climate scenarios.”  

For example, Farnsworth notes that while extreme heat degrades EV battery performance, it can likewise cause ICE cars to overheat. Cold weather, on the other hand, reduces an EV’s range and charging efficiency. 

For traditional gas-powered vehicles, frigid temperatures reduce fuel economy and can make it harder to get your car started. Finally, flooding and heavy rain have a similar impact on both EV and ICE vehicles because high water levels can damage all type of car’s electrical systems and increasing the risk of having an accident due to poor traction. 

Related: Are electric vehicles more expensive to insure? 

Unique EV weatherproofing concerns 

While all cars are susceptible to weather-related risks, EVs have specific vulnerabilities that owners need to be aware of, such as the following..  

Freezing temperatures 

"Cold weather significantly impacts electric vehicle performance, reducing battery efficiency and range,” says Farnsworth. “Low temperatures slow chemical reactions in lithium-ion batteries, resulting in diminished energy output and longer charging times.”  

One study found that EVs can lose up to 30% of their range in freezing temperatures because lithium-ion batteries are more energy efficient than gas-powered motors and therefore generate less secondary heat. While being energy efficient is a good thing, it does mean that, since EVs cannot use wasted heat from an internal combustion engine, they must draw on additional power from the battery, which can negatively impact a car’s range.   

Flooding  

Flooding can be an especially consequential issue for an EV vehicle.  

“Flooding, particularly saltwater flooding, poses severe risks to EVs due to its corrosive nature,” says Farnsworth. “Saltwater flooding can cause corrosion, which rapidly damages electrical connections and components. In many cases, saltwater may compromise battery pack integrity and short circuits and may potentially pose a fire hazard.”  

This is a critical safety concern that EV owners need to be aware of, especially in coastal areas or regions prone to flooding in winter where streets may have been treated with lots of salt. 

Read more: Why you should rustproof your car this winter 

Wearing down your winter tires  

Finally, winter tires, which of course are necessary for all types of cars depending on where you live, are of special concern to EV drivers. That’s because you may need to change them more often. EVs are typically heavier than their gas-powered counterparts due to the weight of the battery pack. This extra weight can lead to faster wear on tires, particularly winter tires. 

How to properly weatherproof your EV 

Drivers in Canada will always have to concern themselves with weatherproofing their vehicle once the seasons change — especially when getting ready for winter.  

Though it’s impossible to completely weatherproof an electric vehicle, there are several helpful measures EV owners can take to protect their cars: 

• Protect the charge port: “Use a weatherproof cover or cap for your charging port when not in use to prevent water, snow or debris from entering the connector,” says Farnsworth. 
• Park in a secure location: Whenever possible, park in covered areas or on higher ground during extreme weather conditions to minimize exposure to potential flooding or heavy snowfall. 
• Avoid charging during storms: To reduce the risk of electrical damage, avoid charging your EV during thunderstorms or severe weather events. 
• Use your car’s climate control features: “Utilize your EV's pre-conditioning features to warm up or cool down the vehicle at the same time as it is still plugged in,” says Farnsworth. “That will reduce strain on the battery during extreme temperatures.” 
• Keep up with regular maintenance: As with any type of car, whether it be EV or an ICE vehicle, scheduling routine checks for corrosion or damage from salt and moisture is always a wise move for a car’s longevity. 
• Check your tires: Regularly check and maintain your tires, especially in winter, to ensure they are in good condition and are at the right pressure. If you are not sure about your car’s tire pressure, consult the manual. 

While winter weather can pose problems for all cars, EVs have some unique vulnerabilities. Make sure to keep your EV away from salt and slush whenever possible, and check its tires regularly and you’ll be able to keep riding smoothly throughout the colder months without any issue.  

Weatherproofing can be expensive; you should always take advantage and compare the best insurance rates sites to save.  

Read next: A look at the rebates available for electric vehicles in Canada